Post-mix, multiple outlet gas burner



May 12, 1953 H- E- WNKELMAN ETAI-v 2,638,159

POST-MIX, MULTIPLE OUTLET GAS BURNER Filed NOV. 26, 1948 INVENTORS.

BYR'QyHUye/j Aoxidizing gas.

Patented May 12, H1953 POST-MIX, MULTIPLE OUTLET GAS BURNER Harvey E. Winkelmanand Roy E. Hinger, Cleveland Heights, Ohio, assignors to National Cylinder Gas Company, Chicago, Ill., a corporation of Delaware Application November 26, 1948, Serial No. 61,942

'livering a stream or streams of an oxidizing gas simultaneously with the heating flame and 'spaced from the heating name; to provide a burner capable of treating a relatively wide surface (by which is meant a surface of greater width than can be treated by a single heating flame produced from a single circular orifice);

to provide a burner which will concurrently produce a heating ame and a convergent stream or ribbon of oxidizing gas of controlled and regulated low Velocity; to provide a burner in which the tendency for dash-backs to occur is minimized; and to provide a burner of the class described which is simple in its construction and economical in operation. Another object of the invention is to provide an economical and simple method for removing coatings of paint and other coatings from surfaces of metallic, Wooden and other structures. Other objects and novel features of this invention will become apparent from the description to follow` and the accompanying drawings in which:

Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a torch tip or burner embodying this invention, shown partly in section;

Fig. 2 is a front elevation of the torchtip or `burner of Fig. 1 with an attachment therefor shown in phantom view;

Fig. 3 is a bottom View of the device of Fig. 1; and

Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional View of the head portion of a conventional Oxy-acetylene torch hav- 'ing mounted therein a burner according to this head portion H in which are formed chambers C and O to receive and distribute a combustible `gas mixture and an oxidizing gas, respectively,

to series of discharge orices c and o from which these gases issue to form a row of flames or ribbon of4 heating flame and, concurrently, a row of impinging streams or a at ribbon of As will be seen from Fig. 1, the

3 Claims, (Cl. 158--27.4)

`oxidizing gas orifices o are spaced at the burner face-from the iiame orices c, and are arranged to discharge the oxidizing gas at an angle to the heating flames, so that the latter are intersected by the former at some preselected distance from the burner face. Also as shown, the two rows of passages 29 for oxidizing gas are arranged at different angles to theface ofthe burner, so that the streams of oxidizing gas issuing from the two rows of orices I3 impinge on each other after being discharged from the burner,` and this action assists in the formation of a fiat stream or ribbon of oxidizing gas of retarded Velocity. If desired,` supporting legs or runners R may be provided to support the face of the burner at a distance from the body to be treated, and this distance may be made to correspond approximately to the distance from the burner face at which the heating flames will be intersected by the ribbon of oxidizing gas. By this means the burner can be `moved over the work while it is maintained at a preselected distance therefrom. i

A throttling device or restricted passageway T is interposed at some suitable point in the passage by which the oxidizing gas is delivered to the gas chamber O to insure that the emergent velocity of the oxidizing gas will be maintained low, and it is desired that this velocity shall not exceed about 300 feet per second. Preferably the velocity of the oxidizing gas is around 200 feet per second, or in the range of about `to 300 feet per second. This Velocity may be compared with velocities of around 2000 feet per second which are customarily used in metal cutting operations, and with velocities of the order of 500 to 1000 feet per second which are ordinarily employed in the oxidizing gas streams for other metal removing operations, such as gouging, rivet washing and the like. The present invention makes possible the removal of coatings from the surfaces of wooden or metal bodies or the like, and the spaced arrangement of the oxidizing gas stream and heating llame, as well as the low velocities employed for the oxidizing gas, make possible rapid and complete removal of surface coatings of both organic and inorganicnature` from various bodies composed of metal or woodwithout oxidation or burning of the body vfrom which the coating is to be removed or the surface underlying the coating.

' The burner B may be easily made b-yjoining, f or example, by brazing or the like, a conventional cutting torch tip with the head block H after cutting `away part of the end of the tip to cause its preheating gas passages to deliver a combustible gas mixture to chamber C while its central oxygen passage delivers oxidizing gas to chamber O. The burner thus formed can be used with any standard cutting torch with which the tip employed can be used, and neither the seat portion of the tip nor the cutting torch itself requires modification in any way.

Referring more specifically to 'the device as illustrated, tip body iii is provided with head portion I i from which a combustiblegas mixture is discharged through orifices l2 to form heating flames. Parallel rows of orilices it simultaneously discharge oxidizing gas. he combustible gas mixture is delivered to oriiices i? from chamber ill in the head portion ll. The gas chamber l 'l is supplied with gas by means'of passageways i5, a plurality of which extend longitudinally through the tip body it. The gases to form the combustible mixture may be supplied topassageways it separatep'assageways 'It `and Il.

Oxidizing gas is distributed to 'orifices I3 from gas chamber 'it to which it is supplied through central passage Iii in the tip body l0. When the burneris secured in head 2l in a 'conventional torch as shown in Fig. Yi, conical portions 22, 23, and 2d of the tip body Iii cooperate With portions of a similarly formed conical cavity yin the torch head 2i so that the seat portions :22, 23, and fill form gas-tight seals within the head ZI to permit oxidizing gas and the components of the combustible gas mixture to be separately supplied to the central passage l and to vthe passages le .and ll fromtubes 25,26 and 21,

asis conventional in such devices. The burner is secured in the torch head 2l in any conventional manner, for example by means of tip nut Supporting legs or guide members 3&3 may be provided to serve as runners to space vthe burner face from the work and to support it, and these may be attached'to head portion I I as indicated in dotted outline in Fig. 2, and may be securedto the burner in any convenient manner.

The orices I3, from which the oxidizing 'gas issues, are connected with chamber it by passages 29 which, as is shown in Fig. l, may be `inclined with respect to the face of head portion II and with respect to each other, so'that their projected axes will intersect and will also intersect the plane of the projected axes of pas- -`sages 3|, which connect gas chamber I4 w1th oriiices I2. Because it is desired that the oxidizing gas emerge from orices I3 at low velocity, va restriction is provided in the oxidizing gas pas-V sage I9 as shown at 32. In the form illustrated,

this restriction is provided by insert 33 inwhi'ch is formed restricted passage I" small diameter V.for the purpose of throttling the ilow of oxidlzmg gas. Tivo or more rows of passages 29 and oiices yi3 are preferably provided, and the passages 29 lleading to these are preferably'inclined toward each other so that the oxidizing gas streams Aimpinge on each other to form a ribbon or more vor less continuous fiat stream of gas, rather than `a plurality of individual jets. This action further retards the velocity with which the oxidizing -gas is applied to the surface coating to be treated,

and causes the oxidation actiont'o be uniform over .the width covered by the burner, rather than concentrated in narrow paths corresponding to separate jets of oxidizing gas.

As stated before, a simple and convenient manner of producing the burner'as illustrated is by modiiication of a conventional Oxy-fuel cutting or metal removing torch tip. Such-tips,

ordinarily have a circular row or preheating gas passageways surrounding a central cutting gas passage. The outer portion of such a tip may be cut back at its ilame end for insertion in a block of brass or copper which is machined or drilled to form the headportion I I of the burner as shown. rfhe passageways vIll and ISS in the ymixtl'ne is a means of insuring thorough mix-` ing of the gases forming this mixture, and this feature, together with the provision of the mixed gas chamber Hl of relatively small diameter, serves to minimize the tendency for ashebacks vto occur in the burners of our invention. The

insert 33 withthe restricted p'assageWaySZ can then'be secured at the opposite (seat) endof the tip as shown in the drawing in any convenient manner, for example, by tapping and/threading the tip'and insert. The'portionswhen assembled in the completed"device,` maybe joined lby brazing or silver soldering, or bylike operations.

In operation, an oxidizing gas, for example, commercial oxygemis'supplied to'tubes`2 5fan'c1'2`6 from a conventional torch 'body (not shown) 'at which lpoint its flow maybe controlled 0and Vregulated by the operator as is usual in suchtorches. A suitable fuel gas, 'for example acetylene, `is similarly applied through an appropriatevalve in the torch body (not'shown) to tube 2l. lA'mixture of oxygen and acetylene, to kforma com-y bustible gas mixture is thus 'iormedin `passage i5 to which thegases are delivered'bypas'sages iii and I'I. Frompassage 'I5 and ,gas vchamber It, the gas mixture is distributed by passages to oriiices I2,.from which it emerges'to 'forni a series of heating names. The oxidizing gas supplied .through the restrictedpassage`32 and flames, :and which ,intersect .the .latter atsQme distance from the burner face. .As -theheating iiaines are movedvalong a surface fromiwhichit is desiredto remove acoating, the coatingis heated by the flame and concurrently oxidizedtoeiect its removal.

`The dev-iceof our invention is-efective not only to remove rust, scaleandtliliel coatings `from metallic bodies, .but alsoV may be used-:to: remove paint and other organic coatings from surfaces of Wooden, 1 metal and .other bodies, and it 'faccomplishes Vthe removal: of such coatings lrapidly .and completely without oxidation, .burning =.or

otherdamage to the surface from `which `the coating is removed. By way of example, .in-one test ofthe device,.it was yused toremovepaint .fromawcoden structure. By its use, .an.oper

ator was able `to clean .eflicientlyasmuch asLZU square .feet of surface per-hour as compared :with the usual rate of Ssciuare feet per houriaccomlplished bymeansofgan ordinary blow-torch followe'd by scraping, as has heretofore. beencustomary in-such operations. In Vthis particular in stance, the'effective `width .covered by `the burner was .twolinches .Correspondingl-y increasedtrates "of'cleaning can be obtained by lincreasing the ef#- 'fective widthof the burner head. i

The heating flames may be formed by supplying oxygen and acetylene to the burner in ratios and at pressures as ordinarily used to form high velocity preheating flames for metal-removing operations, but because the burner of this invention isV concerned with the oxidation of only surface coatings to be removed from metallic, wooden or other structures, it is necessary that the stream of oxidizing gas emerge from the burner head at low velocity. Velocities which we havefound useful in carrying out this invention are in the range between about 100 feet per second and300feet per .secondr and preferably are around 200 feet per second. The following examples of rates of oxygen iicw and emergent velocities in a specific burner are given by way of further illustration of the invention:

Throttling orifice l1?.'55 drill size 0.052 inch) Not only are these velocities considerably below the oxidizing gas velocities ordinarily used in metal removing and cutting operations, but the streams of oxygen are supplied at a distance from the heating flame, and the heating flame and oxidizing gas are supplied from orifices that are spaced from each other in a single direction, in contrast to the usual metal removing operations in which the oxidizing gas stream is surrounded by or is closely adjacent to the heating flames. Also, in the burner of this invention, the individual jets of oxidizing gas at low velocity are preferably caused to converge, so that their impingement on each other further retards their effective velocity and results in a wide flat stream or ribbon of oxidizing gas that is applied to the surface coating to be oxidized. These features in the present invention have made it possible to remove scale, paint and other surface coatings from both metal and wooden bodies without oxidizing or burning the material of the body being cleaned. even in the case of wooden structures and metal of light gauge. This, so far as we are aware, is a wholly novel result not heretofore obtained with any form of flame blasting or paint removing burner. and it is made possible by the simultaneous application of an oxidizing gas stream or ribbon of gas at low velocity directly to the surface being heated by the heating flames in a manner as herein described. l

Various modifications of the invention are possible. For example, the oxidizing gas may be oxygen of any degree of purity or it may be compressed air, and the fuel gas may be producer gas, natural gas, propane, or any available combustible gas. Also it is possible to construct the burner so that the combustible gas mixture is formed by aspirating air directly into a fuel gas at the burner to form the heating flame, so that only oxidizing gas under pressure and fuel gas need be supplied to the burner. These and other modifications will be apparent to those 6i' skilled in the art," and `are" included within the scope of our invention as' defined by thevap` pended claims. Y i o l We claim: i c

1. A flame blasting and surface coating removing burner. comprising `an elongated head portion having two separate elongated. chambers therein for a combustible mixture of fuel gas `and oxygen and for oxidizing gas,` respectively, first passage means transverse to said elongated chambers to `deliver separately streams of said combustible mixture and said oxidizing gas from said `chambers and terminating in discharge vorifices in parallel rows extending lengthwise of said head portion at one face there of, said parallel rows comprising a pair of rows of orifices for said oxidizing gas, and a row of orifices for said combustible mixture, the `said orificesfor oxidizing gas in said pair of rows being `in spaced alignment with each other transversely of said head portion and in staggered relation to said orifices for combustible mixture and spaced therefrom in a single direction,`the longitudinal axis of each passage leading to each orifice of said group of spaced aligned orifices being Vconvergent with respect to the 'longitudinal axis of the passage leading to an adjacent spaced aligned orifice and toward a point outside said head portion, and the longitudinal axis of each passage leading to one of said orifices for said combustion mixture being inclined toward a region disposed between the points of convergence of the longitudinal axes of adjacent pairs of spaced aligned oxidizing gas orifices, and additional separate passage means for separately delivering a combustible gas mixture and an oxidizing gas to their respective chambers.

2. A flame blasting and surface coating removing burner, comprising an elongated head portion having two separate elongated chambers therein for a combustible mixture of fuel gas and oxygen and for oxidizing gas, respectively. first passage means transverse to said elongated chambers to deliver separately streams of said combustible mixture and said oxidizing gas from said chambers and |terminating in discharge orifices in parallel rows extending lengthwise of said head portion at one face thereof, said parallel rows comprising a pair of rows of orifices for said oxidizing gas, and a row of orifices for said combustible mixture, the said orifices for oxidizing gas in said pair of rows being in spaced alignment with each other transversely of said head portion and in staggered relation to said orifices for combustible mixture and spaced therefrom in a single direction, the longitudinal axis of each passage leading to each orifice of said group of spaced aligned orifices being convergent with respect to the longitudinal axis of the passage leading to an adjacent spaced aligned orifice and toward a point outside said head portion, and the longitudinal axis of each passage leading to one of said orifices for said combustion mixture being inclined toward a region disposed between the points of convergence of the longitudinal axes of adjacent pairs of spaced aligned oxidizing gas orifices, and additional separate passage means for separately delivering a combustible mixture and an oxidizing gas to their respective chambers, said additional passage means for oxidizing gas having therein restricting means to control the emergent velocity of said streams of oxidizing gas.

3. A name blasting and surface coating re moving burner, comprising an elongated head @Grimm-having 4,twoseparate: zelongatedl chambers therein `for a combustible mixture lof ifuel gas and oxygen and for oxidizing gas, ;,r espeotve1 y, irst passage means transverse to said velongated -chambersxto deliver separately estreams of said ,oombustiblegmixtulje and r, said oxidizing; gas ffrom- -saidfcvhambers I,and terminating yindisoharge :Qrices in parallel-rowsextendingdengthwise olf said `headportion :at one :face thereof, said parallel .rows comprising -a pair of rows orericesg-for said :oxdizngfgasande v,row-,of orifices for, Saidicomvbllsiiiblemixturethesaisiloriiices fory oxidizingrgas in said pairoi rows being in 4spaced alignment wthaqh other ,transwleitselyoff-saidlheadgportion aridn staggered,relation,tofsaiciY orieesforfqcoymy :humble-,mixture and,` lspaced v-therefrom in a y.single direction, .the longitudinal axis i.of l.each,reassess leading to each orifice y,of said group Aof Yspaced Aaligned. orices being convergent with `respect to the longitudinal `vaxis I-of ,the passage leading to point'outside said khead portion, and Lthe ,longitudnah axis of each,passageleadngfto oneof said orifices `for .said .combustion Amixture ,being ,in-

clined ,toward a ,region disposed between ,the i f points of convergence of the longitudinal axes, of

orices, and additional separate message means for separately ;.delivering ,said ,-Qombustible mix- .tu-re :and said :oxidizing gas .to their ,respective chamber-s, Said,additionahpassagemeans,for oxidizing ,sas having wherein restricting ,nasales113,0V onrltroiethe emergent -veloeity of Said streamiof oxidizing gas within vthe `range of :about F100 to 3,00 ,feetper second,

HARVEY RoYgE ,H1NGER- 

